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IMPRESSED CURRENT Anodes
Mixed Metal Oxide
A high performance anode specifically designed for harsh environments and areas where conventional installations and replacements would be economically prohibitive .
The mixed metal oxide coating is a crystalline electrically conductive coating that activates and enables a titanium substrate to function as an anode .
whether operating in fresh water , seawater , soil or mud , lSOMMO mixed metal oxide coatings are extremely stable even in very low pH environments .
The unique lSOMMO crimp cable connection and high specification components means that the lSOMMO anode is extremely durable and unlike other impressed current anodes , will not be affected by the presence of chlorine .
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS :
Impressed Current Cathodic Protection lnstallations .
- Oil & Water Well Casings
- Sheet Piling and Marine Jetties
- Pipelines & lnternal Storage Tanks
Environments
- Desert Deep Boreholes
- Sea Water
- Brackish Water
- Fresh Water
- Mud
Data based on temperature range :
Soil / Coke breeze / fresh water :
5˚C - 50˚C ( 40˚F - 122˚F ) 20 year life Seawater
10˚C - 50˚C (50˚F - 122˚F ) 15year mud / brackish water
5˚C - 50˚C ( 40˚F - 122˚F ) 20 year life Current output should be halved when operating outside the above temperature ranges .
CABLE SELECTION
Cable selection is an extremely important factor when designing a cathodic protection groundbed . We recommend XLPE / PVC sheathed cable for general applications in soil , mud , fresh & brackish water and sea water .
Where high current capacities are required , such as marine applications then the EPR / CSPE sheathed cable is best suited .
For specialist applications such as deepwell ground beds and where chlorides are liable to be present , We recommend a 1.8mm thick single sheathed PVDF type cable .
ANODE ASSEMBLY
Single and multi anode assemblies are available in both single lead and ring main type , double lead configurations .
ANODE ELEMENTS
lSOMMO titanium tubular anodes are coated whit a mixed metal oxide that has an extremely low consumption rate measured in milligrams per year . Unlike other types of anodes the consumption rate of lSOMMO anodes is negligible with dimensions of the anode element remaining virtually unchanged during the operational service life on the anode . As a result the power required to impress current will remain the same .
COMPONENTS
All lSOMMO anode use PVDF end caps and sleeving to ensure maximum protection in the most hostile of environments . As a further safe guard the center connection is sealed with an extremely high performance 2 pack epoxy resin .
CENTRALISERS AND END WEIGHTS
Ensure that the anode (s) remain central when installed in restricted vertical bore holes . Centralisers are fitted into the PVDF tube seals and do not restrict the active length of the anode(s) element . Standard sizes range between 150mm (6") to 300mm (12") . End weights are supplied as standard for multiple anode strings .
ANOD MANUFACTURER :
All the MMO anodes are manufactured by BAC corrosion control and can be supplied easily by BAC Partner in Iran , TAVANA
| Anode Type |
Environment |
Length cm( inches ) |
Diameter cm( inches ) |
Surface AreaM˛ ( ft˛ ) |
AssembledWeight ( lbs ) |
Max . l ( A ) |
lSO 2.5 – 50 FW
lSO 2.5 – 50 SW
lSO 2.5 – 50 MT
|
Coke breeze / fresh
Water seawater
Mud / brackish water
|
50 ( 19.7 ) |
2.5 ( 1 ) |
0.039 ( 0.42 ) |
0.560 ( 1.23 ) |
4
25
4 |
lSO 2.5 –100 FW
lSO 2.5 –100 SW
lSO 2.5 – 100 MT
|
Coke breeze / fresh
Water seawater
Mud / brackish water
|
100 (39.4 ) |
2.5 ( 1 ) |
0.079 ( 0.84 ) |
1. 100 (2.4 3 ) |
8
50
8 |
| lSO1.9 – 50 FW lSO1.9 – 50 SW lSO 1.9 – 50 MT |
Coke breeze / fresh Water seawater Mud / brackish water |
50 ( 19.7 ) |
1.9 (0.75) |
0.030 ( 0.3 2 ) |
0.400 ( 1.23 ) |
3
19
3 |
lSO 1.9 –100 FW
lSO 1.9 –100 SW
lSO 1.9 –100 MT
|
Coke breeze / fresh
Water seawater
Mud / brackish water
|
100 (39.4 ) |
1.9 (0.75) |
0.060 ( 0.64 ) |
0.770 ( 1.70 ) |
6
38
6 |
lSO 1.6 – 50 FW
lSO 1.6 – 50 SW
lSO 1.6 – 50 MT
|
Coke breeze / fresh
Water seawater
Mud / brackish water
|
50 ( 19.7 ) |
1.6 (0.63) |
0.025 ( 0.27 ) |
0.370 (0.816 ) |
2.5
15
2.5 |
lSO 1.6 –100 FW
lSO 1.6 –100 SW
lSO 1.6 – 100 MT
|
Coke breeze / fresh
Water seawater
Mud / brackish water
|
100 ( 19.7 ) |
1.6 (0.63) |
0.050 ( 0.54 ) |
0.710 ( 1.57 ) |
5
30
5 |
Platinum Anodes:
Platinum . Pure platinum wire is sometimes used for impressed current cathodic protection anodes where space is limited . Platinum is essentially immune to deterioration in most applications . In seawater its consumption rate at current densities as high as 500 A / ft˛ is 0.0001 1b / A yr .
Platinized Anodes
Platinum can be bonded or deposited on other materials for use as an impressed current cathodic protection anode . The substrate materials , namely titanium , tantalum , and niobium have the special characteristic of being covered with a naturally formed stable oxide film which prevents current flow from their surfaces , even when exposed to high anodic potentials . All of the current flows from the platinum coated portion of the anode surface . These " platinized " anodes , although high in initial unit cost , can be used at very high current densities and have had wide
High Silicon Cast Iron:
Cast iron containing 14 to 15 percent silicon and 3/4 to 1 percent other alloying elements such as manganese and carbon , from a protective film of silicon dioxide when current is passed from their surface into the environment . This film is stable in many environments , with the exception of chloride rich environments . The formation of this film reduces the deterioration rate of this alloy from approximately 20 1bs / A yr . Due to the lack of resistance of this alloy to deterioration in environments containing chloride , a chromium bearing alloy of similar silicon and other alloy content has been developed . The chromium bearing alloy is now almost exclusively used .
High Silicon Chromium Bearing Cast Iron ( HSCBCT ) . This material is widely used for impressed current anodes . Being a metal it has much greater mechanical strength than nonmetals such as graphite magnetite . However , due to its low elongation under load it is brittle and should be protected from both mechanical and thermal shock .
Specification . The nominal composition of HSCBCT is as follows :
( conforms to ASTM Specification A518 – GR.2 )
ELEMENT PERCENT
Silicon 14.50
Chromium 4.50
Carbon 0.95
Manganese 0.75
Iron Remainder
The typical mechanical and physical of HSCBCT are as follows :
Tensile strength 15,000 psi
Compressive strength 100,000 psi
Hardness 520 Brinell
Specific gravity 7.0
Malting point 2,300 •F
Specific resistance 72 µohms / cu cm
Coefficient of expansion 7.33 µin . / in / •F
The maximum acceptable resistance between the cable and the anode should be 0.01 ohms .
Available Sizes . HSCBCT anodes are available in a wide variety of standard sizes and shapes. Special configurations can be produced at extra cost and are usually practical when standard anodes have been shown to be unsatisfactory for a particular application and where a large number of special configuration anodes are required . The cable – to – anode connection is , as in the case of all impressed current anodes , critical . Three common methods of achieving the cable – to – anode connection and seal are Available . The use of the center connected tubular anode , is preferable as necking of the anode at the connection point is avoided and life of the anode is extended 90 percent ( 50 percent anode material expended before failure for center connected anode ) .
Operation . HSCBCT anodes are consumed at a rate of 1 lb / A yr when used at a current not exceeding their nominal discharge rates . The potential difference between steel and HSCBCT can be neglected in the selection of impressed current rectifiers . HSCBCT anodes will operate without backfill in most applications , but backfill will reduce the anode – to – metal contact is made between the anode and the round particle calcined petroleum coke breeze , the outside of the coke breeze becomes the anode . Also , the lower output voltage required will save power and reduce the initial cost of the rectifier unit . Because of these reasons , petroleum coke backfill is recommended where it can be feasibly installed .
Coke Breeze
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